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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Author Spotlight: Recent Advancements in Reoperative Foregut Surgery
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Author Spotlight: Recent Advancements in Reoperative Foregut Surgery

Published on: September 22, 2023

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Opioid-Induced Foregut Dysfunction.

Dhyanesh Patel1, James Callaway2, Michael Vaezi1

  • 1Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.

The American Journal of Gastroenterology
|August 30, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Opioid use significantly impacts esophageal and gastroduodenal motility by activating receptors in the enteric nervous system. This leads to motility disorders and dysfunction, highlighting a critical concern during the ongoing opioid crisis.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Pharmacology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Opioid effects on the lower GI tract are known.
  • The opioid crisis increases awareness of upper GI motility issues.
  • Opioid use is linked to esophageal and gastroduodenal dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanisms by which opioids affect esophageal and gastroduodenal motility.
  • To understand the role of opioid receptors in the enteric nervous system.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on opioid pharmacology and GI motility.
  • Analysis of the distribution and function of opioid receptors in the enteric nervous system.

Main Results:

  • Opioid receptors are abundant in the myenteric and submucosal plexus.
  • Activation of these receptors suppresses inhibitory neuron activity.
  • This leads to unopposed muscle contraction, affecting sphincters and overall motility.

Conclusions:

  • Opioid-induced suppression of enteric nervous system neurons contributes to upper GI motility disorders.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for managing opioid-related GI side effects.