Symptom Experience of Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes and Diabetes-Related Distress

Lenore Hernandez¹, Heather Leutwyler, Janine Cataldo+3

• ¹Lenore Hernandez, PhD, RN, CNS, is Graduate Student, Department of Family Health Care Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, and Clinical Nurse Specialist in Diabetes, Medical Service, Veterans Affairs Northern California Health Care System, Martinez, California. Heather Leutwyler, PhD, RN, NP, is Professor, Department of Physiological Nursing, School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, specializes in the care of older adults with schizophrenia and Fellow of the Gerontological Society of America. Janine Cataldo, PhD, RN, CNS, is Professor and Department Chair, Department of Physiological Nursing/Gerontology/Oncology, School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco; Associate Director, John A. Hartford Center of Geriatric Nursing Excellence, School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco; and Core Faculty, University of California Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education. Alka Kanaya, MD, is Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, and General Internist, Medical Clinics, University of California, San Francisco, specializes on clinical research in the field of Type 2 diabetes and obesity. Arthur Swislocki, MD, is Endocrinologist, Martinez Veterans Healthcare Administration, California, and Veterans Healthcare Administration Clinic in Mather Air Force Base in Sacramento, California, and Professor, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis. Catherine Chesla, PhD, RN, is Professor, Family Healthcare Nursing Department, School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco; Fellow, American Academy of Nursing; and Thelma Shobe Endowed Chair in Ethics and Spirituality, awarded a distinguished contributor to Family Nursing Research by the International Family Nursing Conference, and awarded Excellence in Teaching-Research Mentorship by the University of California, San Francisco School of Nursing and the Helen Nahm Research Lecturer Award by the University of California, San Francisco.