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Updated: Jan 20, 2026
Genotypic Inference of HIV-1 Tropism Using Population-based Sequencing of V3
Published on: December 27, 2010
Population-based prevalence of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and
Alain M Ngoma1, Magot D Omokoko2, Paulin B Mutombo3
1Douglas Hospital Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Background:
Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1), the causative agent of adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma (ATL) and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), is endemic in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and poses a high morbidity and mortality risk. Its prevalence in the general population is poorly understood. The potential for prevention motivated us to do a systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based studies to estimate the prevalence of HTLV-1 in SSA.
Methods:
A comprehensive, no-limit search was conducted in EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library from their inception dates to March 2019. Population-based studies presenting data on HTLV-1 in sub-Saharan Africa were included. Pooled prevalence was estimated using a random-effects meta-analysis.
Results:
A total of 21 studies were included, representing 42 297 participants. The pooled HTLV-1 seroprevalence was 3.19% (95% CI 2.36-4.12%) with variations across year of study. Prevalence of HTLV-1 positively correlated with year of study (β = 0.0036, P = 0.007). Participants from Central, Western and Southern Africa had a seroprevalence of 4.16% (95% CI 2.43-6.31%), 2.66% (95% CI 1.80-3.68%) and 1.56% (95% CI 0.48-3.15%), respectively.
Conclusions:
Our findings suggest that HTLV-1 infection is a public health concern in SSA and highlight the need to implement effective preventive programmes and interventions aimed at reducing the burden of this common yet neglected infection.
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