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Related Concept Videos

Improved Preparation and Preservation of Hippocampal Mouse Slices for a Very Stable and Reproducible Recording of Long-term Potentiation09:39

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This paper presents a complete methodology to prepare and preserve in vitro acute hippocampal slices from adult mice. This protocol allows the recording of very stable long-lasting long-term potentiation (LTP) for more than 8 hours with a success rate of...
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Source: Keener, D. G., et al. Single-Cell Electroporation across Different Organotypic Slice Culture of Mouse Hippocampal Excitatory and Class-Specific Inhibitory Neurons. J. Vis. Exp. (2020).This video demonstrates the process of single-cell electroporation to introduce plasmid DNA into neurons within mouse hippocampal slice cultures. The procedure involves precise pipette positioning, pressure adjustments, and electroporation pulses to transiently permeabilize the neuronal membrane,...
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Long-term Potentiation01:25

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Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Hebbian LTP
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Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre- and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
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What is Gene Expression?

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Overview
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Improved Preparation and Preservation of Hippocampal Mouse Slices for a Very Stable and Reproducible Recording of Long-term Potentiation
09:39

Improved Preparation and Preservation of Hippocampal Mouse Slices for a Very Stable and Reproducible Recording of Long-term Potentiation

Published on: June 26, 2013

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Gene Expression in Hippocampal Long-Term Potentiation.

Serena M Dudek1, R Douglas Fields1

  • 1Laboratory of Developmental Neurobiology, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland.

The Neuroscientist : a Review Journal Bringing Neurobiology, Neurology and Psychiatry
|August 31, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Investigating hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP), this review examines gene expression and signaling pathways. Current models for sustained LTP involve synaptic tagging, nuclear signaling, and targeted protein synthesis, though these remain speculative.

Keywords:
CREBDendritesGene expressionLTPSynaptic tagging

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Using an Automated Cell Counter to Simplify Gene Expression Studies: siRNA Knockdown of IL-4 Dependent Gene Expression in Namalwa Cells
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Gene Expression via Single-Cell Electroporation in Mouse Hippocampal Slice Cultures
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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Improved Preparation and Preservation of Hippocampal Mouse Slices for a Very Stable and Reproducible Recording of Long-term Potentiation
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Using an Automated Cell Counter to Simplify Gene Expression Studies: siRNA Knockdown of IL-4 Dependent Gene Expression in Namalwa Cells
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Using an Automated Cell Counter to Simplify Gene Expression Studies: siRNA Knockdown of IL-4 Dependent Gene Expression in Namalwa Cells

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Gene Expression via Single-Cell Electroporation in Mouse Hippocampal Slice Cultures

Published on: August 29, 2025

180

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) is a key mechanism for memory formation.
  • Recent research emphasizes the role of gene expression in late-phase LTP.
  • Signal transduction cascades are crucial for inducing these genes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically review the literature on gene expression in hippocampal LTP.
  • To discuss recent advancements and proposed mechanisms for late-phase LTP.
  • To evaluate the speculative nature of current LTP models.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on hippocampal LTP.
  • Analysis of proposed molecular mechanisms for LTP induction and maintenance.
  • Discussion of experimental evidence supporting or refuting current models.

Main Results:

  • Late-phase LTP (lasting >5 hours) likely involves synaptic tagging, nuclear signaling, and gene expression.
  • Processes include phosphorylation, kinase cascades, transcription factors, and targeted protein/RNA synthesis.
  • Most proposed scenarios for late-phase LTP remain highly speculative.

Conclusions:

  • Gene expression plays a significant role in the late phase of hippocampal LTP.
  • Further research is needed to validate proposed molecular mechanisms.
  • Understanding these pathways is crucial for elucidating memory consolidation processes.