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Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Production of Haploid Zebrafish Embryos by In Vitro Fertilization
Published on: July 14, 2014
Spontaneous Conception during In Vitro Fertilization prior to Embryo Transfer without the Opportunity for
1Stanford University, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, 1195 West Fremont Avenue, Sunnyvale, CA 94087, USA.
Abstract:
In addition to the potential for multiple pregnancy, spontaneous conception during in vitro fertilization (IVF) can lead to undesired genetic outcomes. We present a case of a patient undergoing IVF with the intention of subsequent frozen embryo transfer after preimplantation genetic testing (PGT). Unprotected intercourse 6 days prior to egg retrieval resulted in a spontaneous pregnancy before the opportunity for embryo transfer. This case report highlights that spontaneous conception during IVF compromises the ability to transfer embryos that are euploid, unaffected by single gene disorders, or intended for gender balancing within a family when desired.
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