[Contrast medium-induced renal failure : Useful protective measures prior to contrast medium administration]

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Nephrology
• Radiology

Background:

• Iodinated contrast media are vital for interventional cardiology procedures.
• Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is a significant complication, leading to increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs.
• Early identification and management of CIN are critical in clinical practice.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the definition and diagnostic role of biomarkers for CIN.
• To explore therapeutic strategies for CIN prevention.
• To highlight the importance of identifying and preemptively treating high-risk patients.

Main Methods:

• Review of current literature on contrast-induced nephropathy.
• Analysis of diagnostic biomarkers for early detection.
• Evaluation of preventive and therapeutic interventions.

Main Results:

• Optimizing patient circulating volume is a key preventive measure for CIN.
• Certain medications are nephrotoxic, while others show nephroprotective potential.
• No established interventions currently improve outcomes for established acute kidney injury.

Conclusions:

• Prevention and early diagnosis are paramount in managing CIN.
• Identifying and preemptively treating high-risk individuals is essential.
• Further research into therapeutic options for established acute kidney injury is needed.