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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 20, 2026

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Complications Associated With Electromyography: A Systematic Review.

Daniel M Cushman1, Quinn Strenn, Andrew Elmer

  • 1From the Division of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (DMC); University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah (QS, AE); Division of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (AJY); and Department of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (LO).

American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
|August 31, 2019
PubMed
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Complications from electromyography (EMG) are rare but can lead to significant issues like pneumothoraces and bleeding disorders. Awareness of these potential adverse events is crucial for practitioners performing EMG and nerve conduction studies.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Clinical Electrophysiology

Background:

  • Electromyography (EMG) and nerve conduction studies (NCS) are essential diagnostic tools.
  • Potential complications, though infrequent, warrant systematic review.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review literature on complications associated with EMG.
  • To review complications linked to NCS.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of Medline and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials.
  • Inclusion of English-written articles on clinical EMG complications.
  • Bibliography scanning for missed relevant studies.

Main Results:

  • 27 articles met inclusion criteria; 42 patients reported.
  • Needle complications (pneumothorax) and hemostasis/cutaneous disorders were most common.
  • Significant morbidity observed, with 28 hospitalizations and 22 procedures; no deaths.

Conclusions:

  • EMG-related adverse events are rare but can cause significant morbidity.
  • Electromyographers must be aware of all potential complications.
  • Literature predominantly comprises case studies, limiting incidence elucidation.