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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 20, 2026

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Clotrimazole Loaded Ufosomes for Topical Delivery: Formulation Development and In-Vitro Studies.

Pradeep Kumar Bolla1, Carlos A Meraz1, Victor A Rodriguez1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Ave, El Paso, TX 79968, USA.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 1, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study developed clotrimazole-loaded ufosomes to enhance topical delivery for fungal infections. Ufosomes improved clotrimazole skin accumulation, suggesting better bioavailability for treating superficial fungal infections.

Keywords:
cholesterolclotrimazolepermegear flow-through diffusion cellssodium oleatetape-strippingtopicalufosomes

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical Sciences
  • Dermatology
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Superficial fungal infections are common, affecting millions globally.
  • Clotrimazole is a widely used antifungal, but conventional topical formulations have poor skin penetration and bioavailability.
  • Limitations of current clotrimazole formulations necessitate improved drug delivery systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To formulate clotrimazole-loaded ufosomes for enhanced topical delivery.
  • To evaluate the physicochemical properties and skin bioavailability of clotrimazole-loaded ufosomes.
  • To compare the efficacy of ufosomes against a marketed formulation.

Main Methods:

  • Clotrimazole-loaded ufosomes were prepared using cholesterol and sodium oleate via thin film hydration.
  • Formulations were optimized and characterized for size, entrapment efficiency, SEM, XRD, and DSC.
  • In vitro skin diffusion and tape-stripping studies were conducted using human skin.

Main Results:

  • Optimized ufosomes exhibited a vesicle size <250 nm and ~84% entrapment efficiency.
  • XRD and DSC confirmed clotrimazole entrapment within the ufosomes.
  • Tape-stripping demonstrated significantly higher clotrimazole accumulation in the skin with ufosomes compared to the marketed formulation, with no observed permeation up to 24 hours.

Conclusions:

  • Ufosomes are a promising nanocarrier for improving the topical bioavailability of clotrimazole.
  • This novel formulation could enhance the efficacy of clotrimazole in treating superficial fungal infections.
  • Further research may explore the clinical application of ufosomes for dermatological conditions.