Protein S100-A7 Derived from Digested Dentin Is a Critical Molecule for Dentin Pulp Regeneration

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Regenerative Medicine
• Dental Research

Background:

• Dentin matrix components (DMCs) contain bioactive molecules.
• Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), particularly MMP20, can release these molecules during caries.
• The specific molecules driving MMP20-induced pulpal wound healing remain unidentified.

Purpose of the Study:

• To identify critical molecules in MMP20-digested DMCs that promote pulpal healing.
• To investigate the role of identified molecules in the early stages of pulp repair.

Main Methods:

• Proteomic analysis of digested DMCs.
• Pulp capping experiments in rat molars.
• Immunohistochemical analysis to detect protein distribution and cell accumulation.

Main Results:

• Protein S100-A7 was identified as a critical molecule in digested DMCs.
• S100-A7 and its receptor RAGE showed specific distribution during early pulpal healing.
• Accumulation of CD146-positive stem cells was observed in wounded pulp.

Conclusions:

• Protein S100-A7, released from dentin by MMP20, is crucial for pulpal wound healing.
• S100-A7 signaling, involving RAGE, may orchestrate stem cell recruitment for dentin pulp regeneration.