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Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Light as an Electromagnetic Wave

Light as an Electromagnetic Wave

Making waves: Radiation damping in metallic nanostructures.

Tuphan Devkota¹, Brendan S Brown¹, Gary Beane²

¹Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA.

The Journal of Chemical Physics

|September 1, 2019

Summary

Environmental damping in metal nanostructures is primarily caused by radiation. This perspective details how radiation damping rates vary with nanostructure size and environmental properties for localized surface plasmon resonances, propagating surface plasmon polaritons, and acoustic vibrational modes.

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Area of Science:

Plasmonics and Nanophotonics
Acoustics of Nanomaterials

Background:

Metal nanostructures exhibit diverse resonances: localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs), propagating surface plasmon polaritons (PSPPs), and gigahertz/terahertz acoustic vibrational modes.
These resonances are subject to energy losses from internal factors and environmental interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

To elucidate the contribution of environmental interactions to energy relaxation in metal nanostructures.
To analyze how radiation damping rates are influenced by nanostructure dimensions and environmental characteristics.

Main Methods:

This perspective focuses on the theoretical aspects of energy relaxation due to environmental damping.
It examines the radiation damping mechanisms for LSPRs, PSPPs, and acoustic vibrational modes.

Main Results:

Environmental damping is predominantly governed by radiative processes for plasmon resonances and acoustic modes.
Radiation damping rates exhibit distinct dependencies on nanostructure size: increasing for LSPRs but decreasing for PSPPs and acoustic modes with larger dimensions.

Conclusions:

Radiation damping is a critical energy loss pathway for various resonances in metal nanostructures.
Understanding these size- and mode-dependent radiation damping effects is crucial for designing nanophotonic and nanoacoustic devices.