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Decision-making and the Iowa Gambling Task

Decision-making and the Iowa Gambling Task

Source: Laboratories of Jonas T. Kaplan and Sarah I. Gimbel—University of Southern California
Decision-making is an important component of human executive function, in which a choice about a course of action or cognition is made from many possibilities. Damage to the inferior parts of the frontal lobes can affect a person's ability to make good decisions. However, while decision-making deficits can have a large impact on one's life, these deficits can be difficult to quantify in the...

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When we are considering a tough choice between two or more attractive options, we often end up actively weighing the pros and cons of each alternative. By reflecting on their advantages and disadvantages, we attempt to fit a complex, subjective decision into an orderly set of criteria. However, research in psychology suggests that this sort of introspective approach might not always yield the most optimal outcomes.1
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Decision-making and the Iowa Gambling Task- Effect of VMPFC Damage

Decision-making and the Iowa Gambling Task- Effect of VMPFC Damage

Published on: April 30, 2023

A Video Decision Aid Improves Informed Decision Making in Patients With Advanced Cancer Considering Palliative

Kavita V Dharmarajan¹, Chasity B Walters², Tomer T Levin³

¹Department of Radiation Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA; Brookdale Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.

Journal of Pain and Symptom Management

|September 1, 2019

Summary

A video decision aid improved understanding and readiness for palliative radiation therapy (PRT) in advanced cancer patients. The tool reduced uncertainty and was well-received, though readiness for palliative care consultation remained unchanged.

Keywords:

Palliative radiation therapy advanced cancer decision aid video tool

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Last Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Decision-making and the Iowa Gambling Task- Effect of VMPFC Damage

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Published on: April 30, 2023

Introspection Illusion: Reason-Analysis Impairs Decision-Making

Introspection Illusion: Reason-Analysis Impairs Decision-Making

Published on: April 30, 2023

Dynamic Lung Tumor Tracking for Stereotactic Ablative Body Radiation Therapy

Dynamic Lung Tumor Tracking for Stereotactic Ablative Body Radiation Therapy

Published on: June 7, 2015

Area of Science:

Oncology
Palliative Care
Medical Education

Background:

Advanced cancer patients often have knowledge gaps regarding palliative radiation therapy (PRT).
Decisional uncertainty is common among patients referred for PRT.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and evaluate a video decision aid for hospitalized advanced cancer patients undergoing PRT.
To assess the video's impact on decisional uncertainty, knowledge, treatment readiness, and palliative care consultation readiness.

Main Methods:

Forty hospitalized advanced cancer patients viewed a video decision aid on PRT.
Assessments included knowledge surveys, decisional uncertainty scales, and readiness instruments before and after video exposure.
Patient acceptability of the video was evaluated via a post-video survey.

Main Results:

The video significantly reduced decisional uncertainty (P=0.02) and improved PRT knowledge (P<0.001).
Readiness for PRT increased significantly (P=0.04), while readiness for palliative care consultation showed no significant change (P=0.58).
The video was found to be comfortable by 70% of patients and highly recommended by 75%.

Conclusions:

A video decision aid effectively reduces decisional uncertainty and enhances knowledge and readiness for PRT in advanced cancer patients.
The intervention was well-received by patients, suggesting its utility in clinical settings.
Further strategies may be needed to enhance readiness for palliative care consultation.