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Does hypnotic assessment predict the functional equivalence between motor imagery and action?

Simona Ruggirello1, Lisa Campioni1, Samuele Piermanni1

  • 1Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Italy.

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Summary

High hypnotizable individuals exhibit enhanced motor imagery performance and reduced brain activity changes. This suggests hypnotizability can personalize neuro-rehabilitation and sports training for better outcomes.

Keywords:
Cognitive styleEEGHypnotic susceptibilityMental imagerySensory modality

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Psychophysiology

Background:

  • Motor imagery, the mental simulation of movement, is influenced by individual differences and context.
  • Hypnotizability, a psychophysiological trait, has been shown to modulate mental imagery, but its specific effects on motor imagery are less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how hypnotizability influences the subjective experience and cortical activity during motor imagery.
  • To compare the effects of hypnotizability on visual and kinesthetic motor imagery.

Main Methods:

  • Electroencephalography (EEG) was used to record brain activity in high and low hypnotizable subjects.
  • Participants performed tasks involving baseline, actual movement, and visual/kinesthetic motor imagery.
  • Subjective reports on vividness, ease, and modality maintenance were collected, alongside chronometric and EEG data analysis (alpha and beta power).

Main Results:

  • High hypnotizable individuals (highs) demonstrated better kinesthetic imagery and less cortical restructuring compared to low hypnotizable individuals (lows).
  • Low hypnotizable individuals (lows) showed better visual than kinesthetic imagery.
  • Hypnotizability significantly correlated with brain activity changes across different regions for both alpha and beta frequencies.

Conclusions:

  • Motor imagery, both imagined and actual, is a less demanding process for high hypnotizable individuals at subjective and cortical levels.
  • Hypnotizability is a key factor modulating motor imagery, impacting both subjective experience and neural correlates.
  • Assessing hypnotizability can aid in tailoring personalized mental training programs for neuro-rehabilitation and sports, potentially predicting training efficacy.