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Related Concept Videos

Kinetics of Drug Elimination01:17

Kinetics of Drug Elimination

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Eliminating drugs from the body is a vital process that occurs through excretion or metabolism. Understanding the kinetics of drug elimination is crucial for drug development, dosage determination, and optimizing patient outcomes.
Drug clearance depends on the rate of drug elimination and its plasma concentration. Another important parameter is the half-life of a drug, which is the time required for its concentration to decrease by half. In most cases, drug clearance follows first-order...
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Enhanced Elimination of Poison01:26

Enhanced Elimination of Poison

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Poison can be effectively removed from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract through various decontamination procedures.
Antidotes serve a crucial role in counteracting the effects of poison by inhibiting enzymes responsible for producing harmful drug metabolites. In some cases, these toxic metabolites can be neutralized by endogenous cosubstrates, which are maintained at specific concentrations to prevent interaction with cellular macromolecules and subsequent cell death.
Renal excretion is the...
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Radical Formation: Elimination00:51

Radical Formation: Elimination

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Another method of radical formation is the elimination process. It is the opposite of the addition route and is driven by the instability of the radical. For example, as depicted in Figure 1, dibenzoyl peroxide yields a pair of unstable radicals upon homolysis. Given its instability, this radical spontaneously undergoes elimination via a C–C bond cleavage to form a relatively more stable phenyl radical. The mechanism involves cleavage of the bond between the α and β positions with respect...
2.2K
Elimination Reactions02:25

Elimination Reactions

16.6K
A nucleophile can react with an alkyl halide to give the substitution product by displacing the halogen. Or it can function as a base to give the elimination product by deprotonation of the neighboring carbon to form an alkene. In an elimination reaction, the substrate loses two groups from adjacent carbons forming at least one π bond. The carbon attached to the halogen is called the α carbon, while the adjacent carbon is called the β carbon; hence, these reactions are called...
16.6K
Elimination Kinetics: First-Order and Zero-Order01:05

Elimination Kinetics: First-Order and Zero-Order

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Eliminating drugs from the body is a vital process that occurs through excretion or metabolism. Understanding the kinetics of drug elimination is crucial for drug development, dosage determination, and optimizing patient outcomes.
Drug clearance depends on the rate of drug elimination and its plasma concentration. Another important parameter is a drug's half-life, which is the time required for its concentration to decrease by half. In most cases, drug clearance follows first-order...
2.7K
Data Reporting and Recording01:24

Data Reporting and Recording

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Reporting and recording are crucial in data documentation. The timely, thorough, and accurate documentation of facts is essential when recording patient data. Failure to record findings during an assessment or interpretation of a problem will result in loss of information and make the patient document unreliable. The reader is left with general impressions if the information is not specific. A recording is documenting data of the individual's health information in a traceable, secure, and...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Kinetics of Drug Elimination
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Leprosy - eliminated and forgotten: a case report.

Shiva Raj K C1,2, Geetika K C3, Purnima Gyawali4

  • 1Department of Pathology, KIST Medical College, Imadol, Lalitpur, Nepal. shivarajkc074@gmail.com.

Journal of Medical Case Reports
|September 2, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Leprosy, though eliminated in Nepal, requires vigilance due to unusual presentations. This case highlights delayed diagnosis of lepromatous leprosy with erythema nodosum leprosum, emphasizing its importance in differential diagnosis.

Keywords:
ErythemaMycobacteriumNodosumStill

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Kinetics of Drug Elimination
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Kinetics of Drug Elimination

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Enhanced Elimination of Poison
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Radical Formation: Elimination
00:51

Radical Formation: Elimination

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Case Reports
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Leprosy was declared eliminated in Nepal in 2010, but new cases continue to emerge annually.
  • Unusual clinical presentations of leprosy can significantly hinder prompt diagnosis and treatment.
  • Maintaining a high index of suspicion for leprosy is crucial, even in regions where it's considered eliminated.

Observation:

  • A 22-year-old man presented with fever, malaise, arthralgia, hepatosplenomegaly, and widespread lymphadenopathy.
  • Initial diagnosis was Still's disease, followed by a suspected tuberculosis diagnosis based on lymph node biopsy.
  • The patient developed nodular skin rashes, later identified as erythema nodosum leprosum.

Findings:

  • Biopsy of a skin lesion confirmed lepromatous leprosy with erythema nodosum leprosum.
  • Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate and liver enzymes indicated chronic inflammation.
  • The patient was successfully treated with anti-leprosy medication.

Implications:

  • Delayed diagnosis of leprosy, particularly with atypical manifestations, can lead to increased patient morbidity and mortality.
  • Physicians must consider leprosy as a differential diagnosis, irrespective of elimination status, especially with relevant clinical signs.
  • This case underscores the importance of recognizing diverse leprosy presentations to ensure timely and appropriate patient management.