Cheek tooth erosion in male babirusa (genus Babyrousa)

The wear on the occlusal surfaces of male babirusa cheek teeth was evaluated in 53 skulls of Babyrousa babyrussa from Buru and the Sula Islands and 87 skulls of B. celebensis from Sulawesi, Indonesia. Based on the comparative lengths of their continually growing maxillary canine teeth, the skulls were divided into five 'age categories' (A-E). Numerical and symbolic codes representing tooth wear were applied to each pillar (cusp region) of the mandibular and maxillary permanent third and fourth premolar teeth, and the first, second and third permanent molar teeth. There was no significant difference between the tooth wear patters of skulls in groups A and B, or in groups C and D, and so these were amalgamated. There was close correspondence in wear patterns between each side of the mouth in both species and in each age group. The wear patterns of the mandibular and maxillary teeth, although not identical, were very similar, as were the wear patterns of both species. In group A+B for both species tooth wear was relatively slight, with the M1 teeth experiencing most relative wear. There was almost no wear of the M3 teeth. In group C+D substantial wear of upper and lower M1 was evident. In group E more widespread wear of the cheek teeth was seen, with increased severity of M1 tooth wear, yet there was comparatively much less M2 and M3 tooth wear. The pattern of cheek tooth wear of the Babyrousa spp. was different from that shown by Susscrofa. Differences in diet selection and processing were highlighted as potential contributing factors. The pattern of cheek tooth wear in male babirusa was not adequate for use to monitor their age.