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Flaxseed gum: Extraction, bioactive composition, structural characterization, and its potential antioxidant activity.

Bushra Safdar1,2, Zhihua Pang1,2, Xinqi Liu1,2

  • 1Beijing Advance Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.

Journal of Food Biochemistry
|September 3, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Flaxseed gum (FSG), a heteropolysaccharide, exhibits significant antioxidant potential. This study characterized its structure, revealing novel components like mannose and glucosamine, valuable for food and drug applications.

Keywords:
antioxidantsflaxseed gummicrostructuremonosaccharidepolysaccharides

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Area of Science:

  • Food Science
  • Biochemistry
  • Polymer Science

Background:

  • Flaxseed gum (FSG) is a heteropolysaccharide comprising neutral and acidic components, constituting approximately 8% of flaxseed mass.
  • Understanding FSG's chemical composition, structure, and bioactivity is crucial for its industrial applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the molecular weight distribution, monosaccharide composition, and functional groups of FSG.
  • To evaluate the antioxidant activities of FSG using various assays.
  • To explore the potential applications of FSG in the food and drug industries.

Main Methods:

  • Hot water extraction of FSG from flaxseed varieties.
  • Molecular weight determination using size-exclusion chromatography.
  • Monosaccharide analysis via High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC).
  • Antioxidant activity assessment using DPPH, ABTS, reducing power, and total antioxidant assays.
  • Structural elucidation using Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (¹H, ¹³C).

Main Results:

  • FSG exhibited an average molecular weight of 1,322 kDa with specific polydispersity ratios.
  • HPLC analysis identified rhamnose, arabinose, mannose, glucose, fucose, xylose, galactose, glucosamine, glucuronic acid, and galacturonic acid, including previously unreported mannose and glucosamine.
  • FSG demonstrated significant antioxidant potency across DPPH, ABTS, reducing power, and total antioxidant activity assays.
  • FTIR and NMR spectra confirmed the presence of characteristic polysaccharide functional groups.

Conclusions:

  • FSG is a complex heteropolysaccharide with notable antioxidant properties.
  • The characterization provides valuable data on FSG's composition and structure, including novel monosaccharides.
  • The identified bioactive components and antioxidant potential position FSG as a promising ingredient for the food and drug industries.