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Related Concept Videos

Flyback Converter09:34

Flyback Converter

13.8K
Source: Ali Bazzi, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT.
A flyback converter is a buck-boost converter, which can both buck and boost. It has electrical isolation between the input and the output using a coupled inductor or a "flyback transformer." This coupled inductor enables a turns ratio that provides both voltage step-up and step-down capability, like in a regular transformer but with energy storage using the air-gap of the coupled inductor.
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DC/DC Boost Converter12:18

DC/DC Boost Converter

58.4K
Source: Ali Bazzi, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT.
Boost converters provide a versatile solution to stepping up DC voltages in many applications where a DC voltage needs to be increased without the need to convert it to AC, using a transformer, and then rectifying the transformer output. Boost converters are step-up converters that use an inductor as an energy storage device that supports the output with additional energy in addition to the DC input...
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DC/DC Buck Converter10:26

DC/DC Buck Converter

22.0K
Source: Ali Bazzi, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT.
While it is simple to step up or down AC voltages and currents using transformers, stepping up or down DC voltages and currents in an efficient and regulated manner requires switching power converters. The DC/DC buck converter chops the input DC voltage using a series input switch, and the chopped voltage is filtered through the L-C low-pass filter to extract the average output voltage. The diode...
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Ultrasonography of the Adult Male Urinary Tract for Urinary Functional Testing05:25

Ultrasonography of the Adult Male Urinary Tract for Urinary Functional Testing

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We describe the use of high frequency ultrasound with contrast imaging as a method to measure bladder volume, bladder wall thickness, urine velocity, void volume, void duration, and urethral diameter. This strategy can be used to assess voiding dysfunction and treatment efficacy in various mouse models of lower urinary tract dysfunction...
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Using Chronic Social Stress to Model Postpartum Depression in Lactating Rodents07:30

Using Chronic Social Stress to Model Postpartum Depression in Lactating Rodents

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This article describes the use of chronic resident intruder social stress as an ethologically relevant paradigm to model postpartum depression and anxiety in lactating...
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Induction of Nephrotic Syndrome in Mice by Retrobulbar Injection of Doxorubicin and Prevention of Volume Retention by Sustained Release Aprotinin07:38

Induction of Nephrotic Syndrome in Mice by Retrobulbar Injection of Doxorubicin and Prevention of Volume Retention by Sustained Release Aprotinin

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Here, we describe the induction of experimental nephrotic syndrome in 129S1/SvImJ mice by rapid retrobulbar injection of doxorubicin. We also treat nephrotic mice with sustained release pellets containing aprotinin to inhibit urinary serine protease activity and prevent sodium...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Flyback Converter; Setting up the HiReL Power Pole Board
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Flyback Converter; Setting up the HiReL Power Pole Board

Published on: April 30, 2023

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Covert postpartum urinary retention.

P Dolezal, J Zahumensky, P Otapkova

    Bratislavske Lekarske Listy
    |September 3, 2019
    PubMed
    Summary

    Postpartum urinary retention (PVRV) affects nearly 10% of women, with instrumental delivery being a significant risk factor. Screening for PVRV is recommended to prevent long-term complications.

    Area of Science:

    • Obstetrics and Gynecology
    • Urology
    • Postpartum Care

    Background:

    • Postpartum urinary retention (PVRV) is an asymptomatic condition that can lead to adverse long-term effects.
    • Routine screening for PVRV is not standard practice, hindering early diagnosis and management.
    • Identifying risk factors is crucial for targeted screening of postpartum women.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine the frequency of increased postvoiding residual volumes (PVRV) 3 days after delivery.
    • To identify associated risk factors for PVRV in the postpartum period.

    Main Methods:

    • Prospective observational study conducted over 3 months in Bratislava, Slovakia.
    • Ultrasound assessment of PVRV in 429 women 3 days postpartum.
    • Pathological PVRV defined as 80 ml or more.
    Keywords:
    episiotomy voiding difficulty.instrumental deliverylaborurinary retentionvaginal delivery

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    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jan 20, 2026

    Flyback Converter; Setting up the HiReL Power Pole Board
    09:34

    Flyback Converter; Setting up the HiReL Power Pole Board

    Published on: April 30, 2023

    13.8K
    DC Boost Converters; Testing with Variable Input and Duty Ratio
    12:18

    DC Boost Converters; Testing with Variable Input and Duty Ratio

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    58.4K
    Ultrasonography of the Adult Male Urinary Tract for Urinary Functional Testing
    05:25

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    Main Results:

    • The prevalence of PVRV was 9.2% among the study participants.
    • Assisted vaginal delivery (ventouse, forceps) was associated with a higher incidence of PVRV (18.7% vs 6.1%).
    • Episiotomy was also identified as a risk factor (52.1% vs 35.7%).

    Conclusions:

    • PVRV (≥80 ml) was confirmed in nearly 10% of women on day 3 postpartum.
    • Instrumental delivery is a significant risk factor for PVRV.
    • A risk-factor-based approach to PVRV screening is recommended for postpartum bladder care.