Dietary Phytochemical Index and Benign Breast Diseases: A Case-Control Study

Area of Science:

• Nutrition Science
• Oncology
• Public Health

Background:

• Dietary phytochemical index (DPI) is a cost-effective measure for assessing phytochemical intake from foods.
• No prior studies have examined the relationship between DPI and benign breast diseases (BBD).
• This study investigates DPI differences between BBD patients and healthy controls.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the dietary phytochemical index (DPI) in women with benign breast diseases (BBD) and a control group.
• To determine if DPI is associated with the risk of developing BBD.

Main Methods:

• A case-control study involving 115 women with BBD and 116 healthy controls.
• Energy-adjusted DPI calculated using a validated 168-item food frequency questionnaire.
• Sociodemographic, physical activity, and anthropometric data were collected and adjusted for.

Main Results:

• A significant inverse association was observed between energy-adjusted DPI quartiles and BBD risk.
• Higher DPI scores were linked to a decreased odds ratio (OR) for BBD (OR = 0.3, 95%CI = 0.12-0.93) after adjustments.
• A significant trend (P-trend = 0.02) indicated lower BBD risk with increasing DPI.

Conclusions:

• Higher DPI scores are associated with a lower likelihood of benign breast disease.
• DPI may serve as a valuable tool for improving dietary habits and potentially preventing BBD.