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Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Visually Sexing Loggerhead Shrike Lanius Ludovicianus Using Plumage Coloration and Pattern
Published on: March 8, 2020
Local and global color symmetries of a symmetrical pattern
Agatha Kristel Abila1, Ma Louise Antonette De Las Peñas1, Eduard Taganap2
1Department of Mathematics, Ateneo de Manila University, Quezon City, Metro Manila 1108, Philippines.
Abstract:
This study addresses the problem of arriving at transitive perfect colorings of a symmetrical pattern {\cal P} consisting of disjoint congruent symmetric motifs. The pattern {\cal P} has local symmetries that are not necessarily contained in its global symmetry group G. The usual approach in color symmetry theory is to arrive at perfect colorings of {\cal P} ignoring local symmetries and considering only elements of G. A framework is presented to systematically arrive at what Roth [Geom. Dedicata (1984), 17, 99-108] defined as a coordinated coloring of {\cal P}, a coloring that is perfect and transitive under G, satisfying the condition that the coloring of a given motif is also perfect and transitive under its symmetry group. Moreover, in the coloring of {\cal P}, the symmetry of {\cal P} that is both a global and local symmetry, effects the same permutation of the colors used to color {\cal P} and the corresponding motif, respectively.
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