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Updated: Jan 20, 2026

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Ag(I) camphor complexes: antimicrobial activity by design.

M Fernanda N N Carvalho1, Silvestre Leite2, Joana P Costa1

  • 1Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.

Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry
|September 3, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New silver(I) camphorimine and camphor sulfonylimine complexes were synthesized and studied for their structural properties and antibacterial activity. Complexes with specific camphor ligands showing high lipophilicity and low dipolar moment demonstrated enhanced antibacterial efficacy.

Keywords:
AntibacterialsCamphoriminesGram-negative bacteriaGram-positive bacteriaSilver complexesStructure-activity relationships

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Area of Science:

  • Coordination Chemistry
  • Medicinal Chemistry
  • Computational Chemistry

Background:

  • Silver(I) complexes are explored for their antimicrobial properties.
  • Camphor-derived ligands offer unique structural and electronic characteristics.
  • Structure-activity relationships are crucial for developing effective antimicrobial agents.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize novel silver(I) camphorimine and camphor sulfonylimine complexes.
  • To investigate the influence of ligand structure on complex geometry and properties.
  • To evaluate the antibacterial activity of these complexes and establish structure-activity relationships.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis and characterization of eleven new silver(I) complexes.
  • Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations for structure optimization.
  • Cyclic voltammetry to study redox properties.
  • Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) assays to determine antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

Main Results:

  • The substituents on the camphor imine ligands dictated the complex geometries, ranging from distorted octahedral to trigonal prismatic or linear ionic.
  • Lipophilicity and polarity of the complexes were significantly influenced by the camphor ligand characteristics.
  • Complexes 3-5, featuring camphor imine ligands with high lipophilicity and low dipolar moment, exhibited enhanced antibacterial activity.
  • Hydrogen bonding capability was identified as a key factor for the antibacterial activity of the camphor sulfonylimine complex 11.

Conclusions:

  • Ligand design is critical for tuning the structural and biological properties of silver(I) complexes.
  • Camphorimine ligands with specific lipophilic and electronic profiles can yield potent antibacterial agents.
  • Understanding structure-activity relationships aids in the rational design of novel antimicrobial compounds.