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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Examining Online Syntactic Processing of Spoken Complex Sentences in Chinese Using Dual-Modal Interference Tasks
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The interplay between control processes and feature relevance: Evidence from dual-task methodology.

Maria Montefinese1,2, Glyn Hallam3, Hannah Elizabeth Thompson4

  • 1Department of Experimental Psychology, University College London, London, UK.

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology (2006)
|September 4, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Understanding semantic cognition, this study found that avoiding distracting information is more crucial than promoting weak features during semantic retrieval, especially under divided attention.

Keywords:
Semantic control processdual taskfeature relevancefeature selectionfeature-based models

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Psycholinguistics
  • Neuropsychology

Background:

  • Neuropsychological research distinguishes semantic knowledge from control processes in conceptual information retrieval.
  • Semantic dementia and semantic aphasia impair semantic knowledge and control processes, respectively.
  • The interaction between knowledge structure and control during semantic retrieval remains incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of featural relevance in semantic performance under divided attention.
  • To differentiate the impact of executive resources on controlled retrieval versus selection processes.
  • To explore the interplay between structured conceptual knowledge and control mechanisms in semantic cognition.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a feature selection task with healthy participants.
  • Manipulated the relevance of distractor features.
  • Introduced divided attention conditions to assess dual-task disruption.

Main Results:

  • Healthy participants exhibited increased dual-task disruption with higher distractor feature relevance.
  • Word frequency and inter-correlational strength influenced overall performance but not dual-task interactions.
  • Divided attention disproportionately impacted the ability to suppress distracting information.

Conclusions:

  • Semantic relevance is a key organizational principle in semantic representations.
  • Domain-general control processes are more vital for suppressing distractors than promoting weak target features in semantic tasks.
  • Findings inform the theoretical framework of controlled semantic cognition, highlighting the distinct roles of selection and retrieval promotion.