Local risk indicators - Consensus report of working group 2

Area of Science:

• Implant Dentistry
• Periodontology
• Biomaterials Science

Background:

• Plaque control and oral hygiene are vital for long-term implant success.
• Local risk indicators around implants impact microbiota pathogenicity and prosthetic complications.
• Factors like prosthetic design, cement excess, and soft tissue conditions influence peri-implant health.

Purpose of the Study:

• To identify and analyze local risk indicators influencing peri-implant disease development and progression.
• To evaluate the role of prosthetic factors and soft tissue conditions in implant complications.
• To highlight the importance of implant system characteristics in infection risk.

Main Methods:

• Review of local risk indicators in implant dentistry.
• Analysis of prosthetic suprastructure design and accessibility for plaque removal.
• Evaluation of soft tissue conditions, including keratinized mucosa width and mucosal thickness.
• Assessment of implant system design, surface texture, and connection type.
• Consideration of pocket depth and proximity to compromised natural teeth.

Main Results:

• Prosthetic design, supramucosal crown margins, and precise connections are essential.
• Cemented prostheses and excess cement increase the risk of peri-implant disease.
• Soft tissue conditions, mucosal defects, and pocket depth are major risk indicators.
• Implant system features influence peri-implantitis development.
• Limited evidence exists on the role of edentulism type in perio-pathogen presence.

Conclusions:

• Local conditions around implants significantly influence peri-implant disease.
• Careful consideration of prosthetic design, material, and patient hygiene is necessary.
• Further research is needed to fully elucidate the role of all local factors as true risk indicators.