Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation in Patients With Pre-Existing Mechanical Mitral Valve Prostheses

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has become standard therapy for aortic stenosis patients with intermediate or high operative risk. Treatment of patients with pre-existing mechanical mitral valve replacement (MVR) is challenging due to possible interference between the TAVI prosthesis and MVR. We present our single-center experience with this special patient cohort.

A total of 1960 patients underwent TAVI at our institution between 2009 and March 2018; of these, 16 patients had pre-existing mechanical MVR. Device success and adverse events were analyzed according to the Valve Academic Research Consortium (VARC)-2 criteria. Patients were followed for at least 12 months.

Mean patient age was 81.5 ± 4.4 years. The patients had a mean logistic EuroScore of 37.1 ± 13.5% and STS score of 7.1 ± 3.2%. Successful valve deployment was achieved in all patients, peri-interventional stroke rate was 0.0%, and permanent pacemaker was implanted in 2 patients (12.5%). Two patients experienced major complications, with blockage of the MVR disc in 1 patient and annulus rupture in 1 patient. Hence, 30-day mortality was 12.5% and 1-year mortality was 25.0%.

TAVI in patients with mechanical MVR is challenging and requires careful preparation and choice of TAVI device. Repositionable and retrievable devices seem to be a safer option.