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Hydrogenation06:06

Hydrogenation

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Source: Vy M. Dong and Zhiwei Chen, Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA
This experiment will demonstrate the hydrogenation of chalcone as an example of an alkene hydrogenation reaction (Figure 1). In this experiment, palladium on carbon (Pd/C) will be used as a heterogeneous catalyst for the process. A balloon will be used to supply the hydrogen atmosphere.
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Bioinorganic chemistry is the field of study that investigates the role that metals play in biology. Approximately half of all proteins contain metals and it is estimated that up to one third of all proteins rely on metal-containing active sites to function. Proteins that feature metals, called metalloproteins, play a vital role in a variety of cell functions that are necessary for life. Metalloproteins...
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Hydrogen Bonds00:26

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Hydrogen bonds are weak attractions between atoms that have formed other chemical bonds. One of these atoms is electronegative, like oxygen, and has a partial negative charge. The other is a hydrogen atom that has bonded with another electronegative atom and has a partial positive charge.
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A hydrogen bond is formed when a weakly positive hydrogen atom already bonded to one electronegative atom (for example, the oxygen in the water molecule) is attracted to another electronegative atom from another polar molecule, such as water (H2O), hydrogen fluoride (HF), or ammonia (NH3). The huge electronegativity difference between the H atom (2.1) and the atom to which it is bonded (4.0 for an F atom, 3.5 for an O atom, or 3.0 for an N atom), combined with the very small size of an H atom...
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Catalytic Hydrogenation of Alkene: Applications in Chemistry
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Hydrogen on Cobalt Phosphide.

Murielle F Delley1, Zishan Wu1, M Elizabeth Mundy2

  • 1Department of Chemistry , Yale University , New Haven , Connecticut 06520-8107 , United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|September 4, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cobalt phosphide (CoP) effectively binds significant amounts of reactive hydrogen, crucial for its role as an earth-abundant catalyst in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). This study quantifies hydrogen stoichiometry and thermochemistry on CoP surfaces.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Catalysis
  • Electrochemistry

Background:

  • Cobalt phosphide (CoP) is a promising earth-abundant catalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER).
  • Understanding hydrogen binding on catalyst surfaces is critical for optimizing HER efficiency.
  • Experimental data on hydrogen binding energetics for transition metal phosphides are scarce.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally measure the stoichiometry and thermochemistry of hydrogen bound to cobalt phosphide (CoP).
  • To investigate the presence and reactivity of hydrogen on both mesoscale and nanoparticle CoP.
  • To provide a new perspective on the catalytic properties of CoP based on its hydrogen binding characteristics.

Main Methods:

  • Quantification of bound hydrogen using alkyne hydrogenation and H-atom transfer reactions.
  • Estimation of hydrogen binding free energies through reactivity studies with various reagents.
  • Operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy to probe structural changes in hydrogenated CoP.

Main Results:

  • Treatment with H2 introduced substantial reactive hydrogen to CoP (approx. 0.2 H per CoP unit).
  • Estimated binding free energies for H atoms on CoP range from 51-66 kcal mol⁻¹.
  • Operando XAS indicated lattice expansion and no significant change in Co effective nuclear charge upon hydrogenation.

Conclusions:

  • CoP surfaces host a significant amount of reactive hydrogen, impacting its catalytic and electrocatalytic performance.
  • The experimental approach provides a method to study hydrogen binding on other materials.
  • These findings offer fundamental insights into the mechanism of CoP in HER and related reactions.