Energy-Efficient Multi-Disjoint Path Opportunistic Node Connection Routing Protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks for...

Area of Science:

• Computer Science
• Electrical Engineering
• Network Engineering

Background:

• The increasing maturity of sensor electronics drives demand for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in industrial applications.
• Smart grids represent a key platform for WSN deployment, managing critical network traffic with diverse delay requirements.
• Efficient WSN operation in smart grids hinges on parameters like node cycles, energy, lifetime, routing, and delay.

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose an energy-efficient multi-disjoint path opportunistic node connection routing protocol (EMOR) for WSNs in neighborhood area networks.
• To leverage the asynchronous working-sleeping cycles of sensor nodes for opportunistic connections.
• To improve network performance metrics including packet delivery rate, network lifetime, end-to-end delay, and energy consumption.

Main Methods:

• Developed the energy-efficient multi-disjoint path opportunistic node connection routing protocol (EMOR).
• Utilized residual energy, buffer size, working-sleeping cycles, and link quality for path calculation.
• Implemented opportunistic connection random graph and spanning tree formation.
• Incorporated service differentiation for real-time and non-real-time traffic via multi-disjoint path selection.

Main Results:

• EMOR demonstrates improved packet delivery rates.
• The protocol enhances overall network lifetime.
• EMOR leads to reduced end-to-end delay and total energy consumption.
• Service differentiation effectively manages diverse traffic requirements.

Conclusions:

• The proposed EMOR protocol offers significant performance improvements for WSNs in smart grid environments.
• Opportunistic connections combined with multi-disjoint path selection are effective for energy efficiency and QoS.
• EMOR provides a robust solution for managing real-time and non-real-time traffic in smart grid networks.