Duodenoscope-associated infections: a review

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology
• Infectious Diseases
• Medical Device Reprocessing

Background:

• Flexible digestive endoscopes, particularly duodenoscopes, are vital for minimally invasive pancreaticobiliary procedures.
• Nosocomial infections following endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) are a known complication.
• Recent outbreaks of multidrug-resistant bacterial infections transmitted via duodenoscopes have heightened concern and research.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the historical context and current landscape of duodenoscope-transmitted nosocomial infections.
• To analyze ongoing research and practical challenges in preventing these infections.
• To propose directions for future solutions and control strategies.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of high-impact articles published in the last decade.
• Analysis of past and present trends in duodenoscope-associated infections.
• Discussion of current reprocessing protocols and international guidelines.

Main Results:

• Duodenoscope-transmitted infections represent a significant and visible challenge in recent medical literature.
• Despite adherence to reprocessing guidelines, infections persist, indicating a gap in current control measures.
• Intense research and debate continue, yet a definitive solution remains elusive.

Conclusions:

• Duodenoscope-associated nosocomial infections pose a persistent global threat.
• Current reprocessing protocols are insufficient to fully mitigate the risk.
• A coordinated, microbiologically informed approach is urgently required to control these infections worldwide.