Case Report: Epididymo-Orchitis due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Area of Science:

• Urology
• Infectious Diseases
• Microbiology

Background:

• Genitourinary tuberculosis (TB) is an uncommon manifestation of extrapulmonary TB.
• Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for favorable outcomes.

Observation:

• A 35-year-old man presented with scrotal swelling and fever, initially unresponsive to antibiotics.
• Diagnostic workup included fine needle aspiration and tissue biopsy, confirming epididymo-orchitis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Findings:

• The patient's condition improved significantly after initiating antituberculous therapy.
• This case underscores the diagnostic challenges associated with genitourinary TB.

Implications:

• Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for TB epididymitis in patients with risk factors and refractory epididymitis.
• Prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment can prevent severe complications and improve patient prognosis.