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Related Concept Videos

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Translational Brain Mapping at the University of Rochester Medical Center: Preserving the Mind Through Personalized Brain Mapping
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Transceive phase mapping using the PLANET method and its application for conductivity mapping in the brain.

Soraya Gavazzi1, Yulia Shcherbakova2, Lambertus W Bartels2,3

  • 1Department of Radiotherapy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
|September 5, 2019
PubMed
Summary

The PLANET method accurately maps transceive phase (ϕ±) for brain conductivity reconstruction. It offers higher precision than standard methods and simultaneously provides T1, T2, and B0 maps.

Keywords:
accuracyconductivity mappingellipse fittingphase-cycled bSSFPprecisiontransceive phase mapping

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Biophysics
  • Electrical Properties Tomography

Background:

  • Accurate mapping of transceive phase (ϕ±) is crucial for reconstructing electrical properties in biological tissues.
  • Existing methods like balanced steady state free precession (bSSFP) can be sensitive to off-resonance effects and partial volume variations.
  • Developing robust and precise phase mapping techniques is essential for advanced neuroimaging applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the feasibility of the PLANET (phase-cycled balanced steady state free precession) method for transceive phase mapping.
  • To evaluate the accuracy and precision of PLANET for conductivity reconstruction in the brain.
  • To compare PLANET's performance against standard bSSFP and spin echo techniques.

Main Methods:

  • PLANET, an ellipse fitting approach, was used to estimate transceive phase (ϕ±) from phase-cycled bSSFP data.
  • Simulations and phantom measurements were conducted, followed by in vivo brain imaging at 3 Tesla.
  • Conductivity maps were reconstructed using Helmholtz-based electrical properties tomography, with comparisons to spin echo for validation.

Main Results:

  • PLANET demonstrated accuracy comparable to spin echo and higher precision (2-3x) than bSSFP and spin echo.
  • PLANET showed reduced sensitivity to off-resonance effects and partial volume compared to bSSFP.
  • Simultaneous reconstruction of T1, T2, and B0 maps was achieved alongside ϕ± mapping.
  • Phantom and in vivo conductivity reconstructions using PLANET closely matched true values and reference methods.

Conclusions:

  • The PLANET method provides accurate and precise transceive phase (ϕ±) mapping when appropriate sequence parameters are employed.
  • PLANET enables robust brain tissue conductivity reconstruction.
  • The method offers the advantage of simultaneously acquiring T1, T2, and B0 maps, enhancing its utility in quantitative MRI.