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Source: Porlan, E., et al. Stable and Efficient Genetic Modification of Cells in the Adult Mouse V-SVZ for the Analysis of Neural Stem Cell Autonomous and Non-autonomous Effects. J. Vis. Exp. (2016)This video demonstrates stable genetic modification of neural stem cells (NSCs) in the ventricular-subventricular zone (V-SVZ) through stereotaxic injection of a virus-carrying therapeutic gene in a mouse model. The virus enters NSCs, undergoes reverse transcription, integrates into the genome, and...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Stereotaxic Injection of Viruses for Stable Genetic Modification in a Mouse Model
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Stereotaxic Injection of Viruses for Stable Genetic Modification in a Mouse Model

Published on: August 29, 2025

282

Methods for Modification of Therapeutic Viruses.

Claudia A P Hill1, Luca Bau1, Robert Carlisle2

  • 1Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|September 6, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Viruses engineered for gene therapy and oncolytic treatment need to survive the bloodstream for effective intravenous delivery. This chapter explores genetic and chemical strategies to achieve this for better tissue targeting.

Keywords:
AdenovirusCapsid chemical modificationCapsid engineeringCapsid surface modificationOncolytic virusPEGylationPolymer coatingPolymer shieldingPolymer stealthing

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Biotechnology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Intravenous administration is crucial for clinical applications of viral gene therapy and oncolytic vectors.
  • The bloodstream presents a hostile environment that neutralizes viruses, hindering their efficacy.
  • Effective delivery to target tissues or tumors is essential for successful viral therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline strategies for enhancing viral vector survival in the bloodstream.
  • To describe methods for achieving viral deposition within target tissues after intravenous injection.
  • To review genetic and chemical engineering approaches for overcoming challenges in viral vector delivery.

Main Methods:

  • Genetic engineering of viral vectors to improve stability and immune evasion.
  • Chemical modification of viral surfaces to protect against neutralizing factors.
  • Development of targeted delivery systems for enhanced tissue penetration.

Main Results:

  • Engineered viral vectors demonstrate increased survival rates in circulatory models.
  • Modified viruses show improved biodistribution and accumulation at target sites.
  • Successful preclinical demonstrations of enhanced therapeutic efficacy using engineered vectors.

Conclusions:

  • Genetic and chemical engineering are vital for optimizing viral vectors for intravenous administration.
  • Overcoming bloodstream barriers is key to unlocking the full potential of viral therapies.
  • Advanced engineering approaches promise to improve the clinical success of gene therapy and oncolytic virotherapy.