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Review: Other Helicobacter species.

Armelle Ménard1, Annemieke Smet2

  • 1INSERM, UMR1053, Bordeaux Research in Translational Oncology, BaRITOn, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.

Helicobacter
|September 6, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Non-Helicobacter pylori (NHPH) species are emerging pathogens, with Helicobacter cinaedi causing significant human infections. Research reveals their pathogenicity, evolution, and potential therapeutic targets, including gut microbiota modulation.

Keywords:
animal studiesgenomics and evolutionhuman and animal diseasenon-Helicobacter pylori Helicobacterpathogenesis

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
  • Genomics and Evolutionary Biology
  • Veterinary Medicine

Background:

  • Focuses on non-Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter (NHPH) species, reviewing literature from April 2018 to April 2019.
  • Covers insights into the presence, pathogenicity, and evolution of NHPH in humans and animals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in understanding NHPH infections and their impact.
  • To highlight emerging NHPH pathogens and their clinical significance.
  • To explore the evolutionary history and potential therapeutic strategies for NHPH.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific articles published between April 2018 and April 2019.
  • Analysis of studies on NHPH in human and animal hosts.
  • Inclusion of comparative genomics and research on therapeutic compounds targeting gut microbiota.

Main Results:

  • Enterohepatic Helicobacters are a primary cause of NHPH infections in humans; Helicobacter cinaedi is identified as an emerging pathogen.
  • Canine/feline gastric NHPH are opportunistic pathogens in the hepatobiliary tract and linked to colorectal tumors in pets.
  • Rodent models elucidate NHPH disease mechanisms, and Helicobacter suis impacts brain homeostasis; comparative genomics reveals evolutionary insights.

Conclusions:

  • NHPH species, particularly enterohepatic ones, represent a growing concern in human and animal health.
  • Understanding NHPH pathogenicity and evolution is crucial for developing effective interventions.
  • Compounds modulating gut microbiota show promise for therapeutic use against NHPH infections.