Hot Topic: Precision Medicine for Asthma-Has the Time Come?

Area of Science:

• Pulmonology
• Immunology
• Genetics

Background:

• Asthma affects over 300 million globally, with conventional drugs often failing in severe cases.
• Precise treatment strategies are needed for difficult-to-treat or severe asthma.
• Asthma endotypes and biomarkers are key to personalized medicine.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review current subphenotypes and endotypes in asthma.
• To discuss novel biomarkers and omics approaches for asthma discovery.
• To summarize biologic drugs and future directions for precise asthma therapy.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of asthma subphenotypes and endotypes.
• Analysis of studies combining T2 (FeNO) and non-T2 (IL-6) biomarkers.
• Exploration of omics approaches for biomarker discovery.

Main Results:

• Asthma classification includes T2 and non-T2 endotypes.
• Omics technologies offer new avenues for biomarker identification.
• Biologic therapies are advancing for targeted asthma treatment.

Conclusions:

• Understanding asthma endotypes is essential for effective treatment.
• Biomarker discovery through omics will refine asthma precision medicine.
• Future asthma management will rely on targeted biologic therapies.