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Updated: Jan 20, 2026
Subcutaneous Infection of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus MRSA
Published on: February 9, 2011
Nasal colonization of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Alemayehu Reta1, Abeba Mengist2, Asnakew Tesfahun2
1Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia. retaalemayeehu@gmail.com.
Background:
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of a medically important Gram-positive bacteria, which can be harboured majorly in the nasal cavity. Risk of consequent infection in a person colonized with S. aureus as well as MRSA upsurges with time and remains insistently increased. Hence, the objective of this meta-analysis was to determine the prevalence of S. aureus and MRSA nasal colonization in Ethiopia at large.
Methods:
PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, Hinari, Sci Hub, Scopus, and the Directory of Open Access Journals were searched and a total of 10 studies have been selected for meta-analysis. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were used for the literature search strategy, selection of publications, data extraction, and the reporting of results for the review. All statistical analyses were performed using STATA version 11 software via random effects model. The pooled prevalence was presented in forest plots and figure with 95% CI.
Results:
A total of ten studies with 2495 nasal swab samples were included in this meta-analysis, and the overall pooled estimated prevalence of S. aureus and MRSA nasal colonization in Ethiopia were 30.90% [95% CI 21.81-39.99%], 10.94% [95% CI 8.13-13.75%] respectively. Subgroup analysis was also noted in different regions of Ethiopia, henceforth Oromia region ranked first 21.28% [95% CI 8.22-34.35%], followed by Amhara region 6.78% [95% CI 3.02-10.54%], whereas relatively low magnitude of MRSA colonization was demonstrated from Tigray region 4.82% [95% CI 2.18-7.45%].
Conclusion:
The analysis showed that the overall prevalence of S. aureus and MRSA nasal colonization in Ethiopia were comparable with the global prevalence. But a huge variation between the regions, so the Ministry of Health of Ethiopia should design appropriate decolonization program that can address the specific regional groups as well as the national population.
Insights
This meta-analysis found a 30.90% prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus and 10.94% prevalence of MRSA nasal colonization in Ethiopia. Regional variations were significant, highlighting the need for targeted decolonization programs.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a significant Gram-positive pathogen often found in nasal cavities.
- Nasal colonization with S. aureus and MRSA increases infection risk over time.
- Understanding colonization prevalence is crucial for public health interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the overall prevalence of S. aureus and MRSA nasal colonization in Ethiopia.
- To identify regional variations in colonization rates across Ethiopia.
Main Methods:
- A systematic literature search was conducted across multiple databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, etc.).
- Ten studies comprising 2495 nasal swab samples were included in the meta-analysis.
- Statistical analyses were performed using a random effects model in STATA 11, adhering to PRISMA guidelines.
Main Results:
- The pooled prevalence of S. aureus nasal colonization was 30.90% (95% CI 21.81-39.99%).
- The pooled prevalence of MRSA nasal colonization was 10.94% (95% CI 8.13-13.75%).
- Significant regional differences were observed, with Oromia (21.28%) having the highest MRSA prevalence, followed by Amhara (6.78%) and Tigray (4.82%).
Conclusions:
- The overall prevalence of S. aureus and MRSA nasal colonization in Ethiopia is comparable to global figures.
- Substantial regional disparities in MRSA colonization rates necessitate tailored decolonization strategies.
- The Ethiopian Ministry of Health should develop region-specific and national decolonization programs.
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