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Updated: Jan 20, 2026
Digital Handwriting Analysis of Characters in Chinese Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment
Published on: March 11, 2021
Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 and Mortality in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Normal or Mildly Impaired Kidney
Stanley M H Yeung1, S Heleen Binnenmars1,2, Christina M Gant1,2
1Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Objective:
To study whether fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) is associated with adverse outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and normal or mildly impaired kidney function.
Research Design And Methods:
We analyzed C-terminal FGF23 levels in 310 patients with type 2 diabetes and estimated glomerular filtration rate ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Associations of FGF23 with all-cause mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were studied by Cox regression.
Results:
During a follow-up of 5.8 years (3.3-6.5), 47 patients developed MACE and 28 patients died. FGF23 was associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality (age- and sex-adjusted hazard ratio 2.78 [95% CI 1.76-4.40]) and MACE (1.67 [1.12-2.49]). Results were similar after additional adjustment for other potential confounders and were consistent upon replication in an independent cohort.
Conclusions:
In patients with type 2 diabetes and normal or mildly impaired kidney function, FGF23 is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events and mortality.
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