Adult anthropometry in Type 2 diabetic population: A case-control study

Area of Science:

• Endocrinology
• Metabolic Disorders
• Public Health

Background:

• Obesity is a significant risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
• Body Mass Index (BMI) and Waist-to-Hip Ratio (WHR) are common anthropometric measures used to assess obesity.
• Predictive accuracy of these measures for T2DM risk may vary across different populations.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the predictive capabilities of BMI and WHR for type 2 diabetes risk.
• To evaluate anthropometric measures in a Pakistani cohort.

Main Methods:

• A case-control study involving 804 diabetic and 396 non-diabetic individuals aged 30-60 years.
• Analysis of anthropometric measures including BMI and WHR.
• Statistical analysis using Student's t-test, Chi-squared test, Cramer's V, and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves.

Main Results:

• A high prevalence of overweight and obesity (89.2%) was observed in the diabetic group based on BMI (p < 0.001).
• Increased WHR was present in 97.9% of diabetics (p < 0.001).
• ROC curve analysis indicated WHR (Area under ROC = 0.720) as a superior predictor of diabetes compared to BMI (Area under ROC = 0.680).

Conclusions:

• Both BMI and WHR are significant predictors of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
• WHR demonstrated superior predictive accuracy for T2DM risk in this population.
• Family history was also identified as a significant factor associated with diabetes.