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Related Experiment Video

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Brief Report: Pupillometry, Visual Perception, and ASD Features in a Task-Switching Paradigm.

Antoinette Sabatino DiCriscio1, Yirui Hu2, Vanessa Troiani3

  • 1Geisinger Health System, Geisinger Autism & Developmental Medicine Institute (ADMI), 120 Hamm Drive, Suite 2A, Lewisburg, PA, 17837, USA. asdicriscio@geisinger.edu.

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|September 7, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Researchers studied pupil responses during visual tasks in adults. Individuals with greater pupil changes showed more autism traits, suggesting pupil dynamics can quantify aspects of the broader autism phenotype.

Keywords:
AttentionAutismEye trackingPupillometryVisual perception

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Autism Research

Background:

  • The broader autism phenotype (BAP) encompasses autistic traits present in the general population.
  • Understanding the neurobiological underpinnings of BAP is crucial for early identification and intervention.
  • Pupil response dynamics offer a potential objective measure of cognitive processing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between dynamic pupil responses during visual perception and quantitative measures of the broader autism phenotype (BAP) in healthy adults.
  • To explore whether distinct pupil response patterns can differentiate individuals based on BAP characteristics.

Main Methods:

  • A task-switching paradigm using Navon stimuli was employed.
  • Participants identified global or local visual information based on cues.
  • Pupil diameter changes were recorded, and data-driven methods identified distinct pupil response trajectory sub-groups.

Main Results:

  • Multiple pupil response trajectories were identified across visual perception conditions.
  • Three distinct pupil trajectory sub-groups emerged from data-driven analysis.
  • Individuals with increased pupil diameter changes across both global and local conditions scored higher on quantitative measures of autism features.

Conclusions:

  • Individualized pupil response trajectories can quantitatively characterize visual perception.
  • Pupil dynamics provide a novel, objective method for assessing aspects of the broader autism phenotype.
  • This approach may enhance our understanding of neurodevelopmental variations associated with autism.