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Three-electrode Coin Cell Preparation and Electrodeposition Analytics for Lithium-ion Batteries
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Largely Improved Battery Performance Using a Microsized Silicon Skeleton Caged by Polypyrrole as Anode.

Yingying Lv1, Mingwei Shang1, Xi Chen1

  • 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee , Milwaukee , Wisconsin 53211 , United States.

ACS Nano
|September 7, 2019
PubMed
Summary

A novel silicon cage composite with a polypyrrole skin offers a scalable solution for high-energy-density batteries. This anode material overcomes silicon

Keywords:
Li−Si batteryhigh capacity retentionhigh loadingmass productionpolymer

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Nanostructured silicon anodes promise high battery performance but face industrial production challenges.
  • Current silicon-graphite anodes have limited silicon content (<5 wt%), restricting battery energy density.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a scalable synthesis method for a silicon-based anode material.
  • To enhance battery energy density by overcoming silicon's volume expansion limitations.

Main Methods:

  • Facile wet-chemical synthesis of a large silicon cage composite using microsized AlSi alloy precursor.
  • Formation of an ultrathin (<5 nm) mesoporous polypyrrole (PPy) skin on a hollow silicon skeleton.

Main Results:

  • The silicon cage composite exhibits excellent capacity retention during long cycling at high rates and loadings.
  • Specific capacities of ~1660 mAh/g (0.2 C) and 1149 mAh/g (1.0 C) were maintained after 500 cycles.
  • High areal capacity (6.4 mAh/cm²) achieved at 4.4 mg/cm² loading, suitable for electric vehicles.

Conclusions:

  • The developed silicon cage composite with PPy skin is a promising anode material for high-energy-density batteries.
  • The scalable synthesis and robust performance address industrial production challenges for silicon anodes.