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Termination of Scroll Waves by Surface Impacts.

Niels F Otani1, Kayleigh Wheeler1, Valentin Krinsky2,3

  • 1School of Mathematical Sciences, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York 14623, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|September 7, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a low-energy method to terminate chaotic three-dimensional scroll waves. This technique detaches scroll filaments using electric fields, causing them to shrink and disappear, potentially aiding heart chaos studies.

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Area of Science:

  • Complex Systems
  • Nonlinear Dynamics
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Three-dimensional scroll waves are fundamental patterns in excitable media.
  • These waves influence biological processes like cell movement and gene expression.
  • Scroll waves can lead to chaotic dynamics, particularly in the heart and brain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate a novel method for terminating multiple three-dimensional scroll waves.
  • To develop a low-energy approach for controlling chaotic behavior in excitable media.
  • To assess the applicability of this method for cardiac applications.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a properly configured electric field pulse.
  • Detaching scroll filaments from the surface of the excitable medium.
  • Observing filament shrinkage and disappearance due to surface tension.

Main Results:

  • Successfully terminated multiple three-dimensional scrolls.
  • The method requires significantly lower electric field strengths compared to previous approaches.
  • The technique is robust and not sensitive to medium heterogeneities.
  • Wave emission from heterogeneities is not exploited, reducing energy requirements.

Conclusions:

  • A novel, low-energy method for terminating 3D scroll waves has been demonstrated.
  • This approach offers a promising strategy for controlling chaos in excitable systems.
  • The findings have potential implications for understanding and treating cardiac arrhythmias.