Human Circulating miRNAs Real-time qRT-PCR-based Analysis: An Overview of Endogenous Reference Genes Used for Data...

Area of Science:

• Molecular Biology
• Biochemistry
• Genetics

Background:

• MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNA molecules regulating gene expression post-transcriptionally.
• Dysregulated miRNA expression is linked to various disease states.
• miRNAs in biological fluids show potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review current reference genes used for normalizing circulating miRNA (c-miRNA) expression.
• To aid researchers in selecting appropriate normalization controls for c-miRNA studies in various pathologies.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of studies profiling c-miRNA expression.
• Analysis of commonly used endogenous reference genes for normalization.

Main Results:

• The selection of optimal reference genes for c-miRNA normalization remains an active area of research.
• Various endogenous genes are employed, but stability varies across different disease contexts.

Conclusions:

• Standardized normalization strategies are crucial for reliable c-miRNA biomarker discovery.
• Further research is needed to identify universally stable reference genes for diverse pathological conditions.