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Extracellular vesicles in vascular calcification.

Wenling Yang1, Bu Zou1, Yangfeng Hou1

  • 1Pathophysiology Department, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China; Clinic Department, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, PR China.

Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry
|September 8, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) significantly contribute to vascular calcification by influencing smooth muscle cell differentiation and mineral balance. These EVs may serve as vital biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cardiovascular diseases.

Keywords:
AtherosclerosisChronic kidney diseaseExosomesMicrovesiclesVascular calcification

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Cell Biology
  • Biomedical Science

Background:

  • Vascular calcification is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular mortality.
  • The underlying mechanisms of vascular calcification are complex and not fully elucidated.
  • Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are increasingly recognized for their role in intercellular communication and disease pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in vascular calcification.
  • To elucidate the specific mechanisms by which EVs influence vascular calcification, focusing on smooth muscle cell differentiation and calcium-phosphorus homeostasis.
  • To explore the potential of EVs as prognostic markers and therapeutic agents in cardiovascular diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on extracellular vesicles and vascular calcification.
  • Analysis of mechanisms involving smooth muscle cell differentiation.
  • Examination of the impact on calcium-phosphorus balance.

Main Results:

  • Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes and microvesicles, play a crucial role in the progression of vascular calcification.
  • EVs mediate vascular calcification through modulation of smooth muscle cell (SMC) phenotype and regulation of mineral metabolism.
  • Specific molecular cargo within EVs contributes to the calcification process.

Conclusions:

  • Extracellular vesicles are key players in the pathogenesis of vascular calcification.
  • EVs offer potential as predictive biomarkers for cardiovascular disease risk.
  • Targeting EVs presents a promising therapeutic strategy for managing vascular calcification and its associated cardiovascular events.