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Digit ratio (2D:4D) and testosterone supplementation.

John Manning1, Christian Cook2, Blair Crewther3

  • 1Applied Sports, Technology, Exercise, and Medicine (A-STEM), Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom.

Early Human Development
|September 8, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Men taking testosterone supplementation or hormone replacement therapy showed higher 2D:4D ratios, suggesting a link between this "feminized" digit ratio and testosterone use in males. The findings for females were generally reversed.

Keywords:
2D:4DDigit ratioHormone-replacement-therapySupplementationTestosterone

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Anthropometry
  • Human Biology

Background:

  • Testosterone (T) is widely used for appearance, athletic performance, libido, and treating hypogonadism.
  • Digit ratio (2D:4D) is a potential indicator of prenatal testosterone exposure.
  • This study investigates the relationship between 2D:4D and exogenous testosterone supplementation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between digit ratio (2D:4D) and testosterone (T) supplementation in a large online population.
  • To determine if T supplementation influences 2D:4D in males and females.
  • To explore the implications of observed associations for health.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from the BBC internet study, including self-reported T or hormone replacement therapy with T (HRTwT) use.
  • Calculation of 2D:4D and right-left 2D:4D (Dr-l) ratios, with exclusion of extreme values and age as a covariate.
  • Two-factor (sex*T) analysis of variance was employed to analyze the data.

Main Results:

  • Males reporting T supplementation exhibited significantly higher right 2D:4D ratios compared to non-users.
  • A similar pattern was observed in males using HRTwT, with higher right 2D:4D ratios.
  • The observed effects were reversed in females, and a high Dr-l was noted in males reporting HRTwT.

Conclusions:

  • Males using testosterone or HRTwT demonstrated higher right 2D:4D and/or Dr-l ratios.
  • The relationship in females appears inverse to that in males, though with smaller effect sizes.
  • The study discusses the health implications of a potential association between a "feminized" 2D:4D ratio and testosterone supplementation in males.