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High- and low- selenium diets affect endocrine energy balance during early programming.

María Luisa Ojeda1, Olimpia Carreras1, Javier Díaz-Castro2

  • 1Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Seville University, 41012 Seville, Spain.

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
|September 9, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Maternal selenium (Se) intake influences offspring

Keywords:
Early programmingEnergy balanceGastrointestinal peptidesLeptinSelenium

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Maternal diet during gestation and lactation significantly impacts offspring's metabolic health.
  • Selenium (Se) is crucial for selenoprotein synthesis, involved in endocrine regulation of appetite and energy homeostasis.
  • Existing research suggests a link between maternal Se intake and offspring insulin resistance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of maternal selenium intake in regulating the endocrine energy balance of progeny.
  • To determine the effects of high, low, and adequate selenium diets on offspring's metabolic and growth parameters.

Main Methods:

  • Three groups of dam rats were fed diets with varying selenium levels: control (0.1 ppm), Se-supplemented (0.5 ppm), and Se-deficient (0.01 ppm).
  • Offspring were assessed at 21 days old for appetite, selenium levels, gastrointestinal peptides, leptin, thyroid hormones, growth markers, and cytokines.
  • Comparative analysis was performed between offspring from dams on different dietary selenium regimens.

Main Results:

  • Low-Se diet in dams resulted in severe growth retardation, pancreatic dysfunction, high leptin, and low anorexigenic signals in pups.
  • High-Se diet in dams led to high insulin secretion, obesity, inflammation, and low leptin levels in pups.
  • Both extremes of maternal selenium intake negatively impacted offspring's endocrine and metabolic profiles.

Conclusions:

  • Maternal selenium status is a critical factor in offspring's endocrine energy balance and metabolic health.
  • Selenium plays a vital role in preventing metabolic disorders like gestational diabetes and intrauterine growth retardation.
  • Dietary selenium supplementation for pregnant and lactating mothers may be a strategy to ensure progeny's long-term health.