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Updated: Jan 19, 2026

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To drain or not to drain following a Sistrunk procedure: A dual institutional experience

Jennifer A Brooks1, Michael J Cunningham1, Jeffrey A Koempel2

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology & Communication Enhancement, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Otolaryngology, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
|September 9, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Drain placement in Sistrunk procedures for pediatric thyroglossal duct cysts did not significantly reduce postoperative complications. This suggests the Sistrunk procedure may be safely performed without drains in select cases.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Surgical Outcomes
  • Thyroglossal Duct Cysts

Background:

  • The Sistrunk procedure is the standard surgical treatment for thyroglossal duct cysts.
  • Drain placement is a common practice aimed at minimizing postoperative complications.
  • The efficacy of drain use in pediatric Sistrunk procedures remains under investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between drain placement and postoperative complications following pediatric Sistrunk procedures.
  • To determine if drain use impacts the rate of seroma, infection, wound breakdown, or hematoma.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of 295 pediatric patients undergoing Sistrunk procedures between 2007 and 2016.
  • Data collected from two tertiary care children's hospitals.
  • Analysis included accounting for age and preoperative infection history.

Main Results:

  • A drain was used in 79.3% of cases, with longer procedural durations in these patients.
  • No significant difference in the risk of overall postoperative complications (9.8% without drain vs. 12.0% with drain) was observed.
  • Subgroup analyses confirmed consistent findings across institutions and patient characteristics.

Conclusions:

  • Drain placement during pediatric Sistrunk procedures does not appear to reduce common postoperative complications.
  • The findings suggest that the Sistrunk procedure can be safely performed without drain placement in select pediatric patients.
  • Further research may explore specific patient criteria for omitting drains.
Abstract

Keywords:
DrainPostoperative complicationSistrunkThyroglossal duct cyst

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