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Updated: Jan 19, 2026

Evolutionary History of Life on Earth
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Adaptive Evolution Is Common in Rapid Evolutionary Radiations.

Bruno Nevado1, Edgar L Y Wong1, Owen G Osborne1

  • 1Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3RB, UK.

Current Biology : CB
|September 10, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Adaptive evolution is more frequent in rapid evolutionary radiations than in slower lineages. This pattern, observed across angiosperms, may involve smaller populations benefiting from advantageous mutations.

Keywords:
RNA-seqadaptive evolutionevolutionary radiationmountain rangesoceanic islandspopulation size

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Genomics
  • Ecology

Background:

  • Biological diversity distribution is uneven globally.
  • Rapid evolutionary radiations on islands and mountains highlight this disparity.
  • The drivers of rapid diversification remain largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test if adaptive evolution is a general feature of rapid evolutionary radiations.
  • To investigate the relationship between population size and adaptive evolution frequency.

Main Methods:

  • Genome-wide analyses of 12 angiosperm evolutionary radiations.
  • Comparison of adaptive evolution frequency in rapid vs. slow radiations.
  • Correlation analysis between population size and adaptive evolution.

Main Results:

  • Adaptive evolution is significantly more frequent in rapid evolutionary radiations.
  • This finding is consistent across diverse angiosperm lineages (1,377 species).
  • A negative correlation exists between population size and adaptive evolution frequency in rapid radiations.

Conclusions:

  • Frequent adaptive evolution is a general characteristic of rapid evolutionary radiations.
  • Smaller populations may experience more adaptive evolution to counteract deleterious mutations.
  • Findings offer insights into the mechanisms driving biodiversity patterns.