Rare Case Presentation of Leiomyosarcoma as IVC Thrombus

Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) of vascular origin is uncommon. This leiomyosarcoma is seen occurring from the tunica media of major blood vessels. Leiomyosarcoma of venous origin is five times more common those of arterial origin. Most cases are presented in woman with a median age of 50 years [1]. We are presenting a case where histopathology was instrumental in making the diagnosis of LMS in the thrombus and confirmed by IHC. A 46-year old female presented with bilateral swelling of lower limbs and distention of abdomen. Her CT, MRI, and color Doppler were suggestive of IVC, hepatic, and renal vein thrombosis. Histopathology of thrombus revealed leiomyosarcoma and was confirmed by IHC. Conservative treatment was given and asked for a regular follow-up. This case report gives us an opportunity to think of a differential diagnosis in a patient presenting with IVC thrombus.