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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 19, 2026

Mammosphere Formation Assay from Human Breast Cancer Tissues and Cell Lines
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Hemimethylation Patterns in Breast Cancer Cell Lines.

Shuying Sun1, Yu Ri Lee1, Brittany Enfield2

  • 1Department of Mathematics, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, USA.

Cancer Informatics
|September 10, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Asymmetric DNA methylation, or hemimethylation, occurs genome-wide and is more prevalent in breast cancer cells. This epigenetic pattern, particularly polarity clusters, may indicate tumor progression and influence cancer development.

Keywords:
Methylationbioinformaticsbreast cancerhemimethylation

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Area of Science:

  • Epigenetics
  • Genomics
  • Cancer Biology

Background:

  • DNA methylation is a key epigenetic mechanism regulating gene expression.
  • Previous research primarily focused on symmetric DNA methylation, overlooking asymmetric hemimethylation.
  • Technological advancements enable genome-wide analysis of hemimethylation patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the genomic landscape of hemimethylation using next-generation sequencing.
  • To identify and characterize hemimethylation patterns in breast cancer cell lines.
  • To investigate the potential role of hemimethylated genes in tumor growth and progression.

Main Methods:

  • Identification of hemimethylated CpG sites using Wilcoxon signed rank tests.
  • Grouping of consecutive hemimethylated CpG sites to define methylation patterns (regular and polarity clusters).
  • Analysis of hemimethylation cluster distribution, size, and association with genes in breast cancer cell lines.

Main Results:

  • Hemimethylation occurs genome-wide, with significantly higher prevalence in breast cancer cell lines.
  • Polarity clusters are the predominant type of hemimethylation pattern observed.
  • Most hemimethylation clusters are short, typically under 50 base pairs.
  • Several highly hemimethylated genes are linked to tumor growth, suppression, and potential stage transition.

Conclusions:

  • Hemimethylation is a widespread epigenetic phenomenon with increased occurrence in breast cancer.
  • Specific hemimethylation patterns, especially polarity clusters, may serve as biomarkers for tumor progression.
  • Further research into hemimethylated genes could reveal novel therapeutic targets for cancer treatment.