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The cell cycle regulation directs how a cell proceeds from one phase to the next and begins mitosis. The cell cycle control system includes intracellular regulatory molecules and external triggers. They provide "stop" or "advance" signals and operate at specific cell cycle stages termed checkpoints to ensure that a particular process is completed before the cell advances to the next phase.
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The cell cycle is an organized set of events that leads the cell to divide into two daughter cells, each containing chromosomes identical to the parent cell. It is the cell cycle that leads to the formation of an entire organism from a single-cell zygote. Besides, cell division also functions in the renewal or repair of tissues in adult multicellular eukaryotes. For example, in the bone marrow, the stem cells divide to form new blood cells. Although essential for several functions, cell...
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Cell division is fundamental to all living organisms and required for growth and development. As an essential means of reproduction for all living things, cell division allows organisms to transfer their genetic material to their offspring. For a unicellular organism, cellular division generates a completely new organism. For multicellular organisms, cellular division produces new cells for the general development of the organism, as well as produces healthy cells to replace damaged cells from...
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Cell Division: Observing Cell Cycle in a Root Tip - Procedure
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Quantitative Studies for Cell-Division Cycle Control.

Yukinobu Arata1, Hiroaki Takagi2

  • 1Cellular Informatics Laboratory, RIKEN, Saitama, Japan.

Frontiers in Physiology
|September 10, 2019
PubMed
Summary

The cell-division cycle (CDC) is controlled by cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) oscillators. Quantitative studies reveal that coupled oscillators and cellular geometry influence CDC variability, impacting cell division success.

Keywords:
chaoscircadian oscillatorcyclincyclin-dependent kinasemetabolic oscillatorpower lawtransition probabilityultradian oscillator

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Biophysics
  • Systems Biology

Background:

  • The cell-division cycle (CDC) is regulated by cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), modeled as biochemical oscillators.
  • Existing CDK oscillator models do not fully explain the statistical variability observed in cell division times.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review quantitative studies on the statistical properties of the cell-division cycle.
  • To explore how coupled molecular oscillators and cellular geometry influence CDC dynamics and variability.

Main Methods:

  • Review of quantitative studies on cell-division cycle statistical properties.
  • Analysis of mathematical models of CDK, transcriptional, and metabolic oscillators.
  • Consideration of allometric volume scaling in cellular compartments.

Main Results:

  • The CDC is driven by a network of coupled molecular oscillators, including CDK, transcriptional, and mitochondrial metabolic oscillators.
  • These coupled oscillators exhibit deterministic chaotic dynamics.
  • Allometric volume scaling among cellular compartments may affect oscillator dynamics.

Conclusions:

  • A cluster of molecular oscillators coordinates cellular physiology and geometry for successful cell division.
  • Understanding the statistical nature of the CDC is crucial for explaining cell division variability.
  • Future research should integrate oscillator dynamics with cellular geometry and scaling principles.