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Emerging Roles of Complement in Psychiatric Disorders.

Mélanie Druart^1,2,3, Corentin Le Magueresse^1,2,3

¹INSERM UMR-S 1270, Paris, France.

Frontiers in Psychiatry

|September 10, 2019

Summary

The complement system, crucial for immunity, also plays a key role in brain development and function. This review explores its involvement in synaptic pruning and neurological disorders, highlighting therapeutic potential.

Keywords:

brain development microglia schizophrenia synapse elimination synaptic pruning

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Immunology

Background:

The complement system comprises over 30 proteins involved in immune defense and cellular debris removal.
Complement proteins are expressed in the brain and influence neural development and function.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the established role of complement in immunity.
To examine the contribution of complement to normal brain development, including neurogenesis and synaptic pruning.
To discuss the role of complement in psychiatric and neurological diseases and its therapeutic potential.

Main Methods:

Literature review of complement system functions in immunity and the central nervous system.
Analysis of complement's role in neurodevelopmental processes like synaptic pruning.
Evaluation of complement's involvement in neurological and psychiatric disorders.

Main Results:

Complement mediates synaptic pruning, essential for normal brain development.
The complement system is implicated in pathological synapse elimination in conditions like schizophrenia and neurodegenerative diseases.
Complement proteins are involved in neurogenesis and neuronal migration.

Conclusions:

The complement system has critical roles beyond immunity, significantly impacting brain development and function.
Dysregulation of complement contributes to synapse loss in various brain disorders.
Targeting the complement system offers potential therapeutic strategies for neurological and psychiatric conditions.