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Updated: Jan 19, 2026

Assessment and Communication for People with Disorders of Consciousness
Published on: August 1, 2017
Disorders of consciousness terminology: history, evolution and future directions
Nathan D Zasler1,2,3, Marta Aloisi4, Marianna Contrada4
1Concussion Care Centre of Virginia, LTD; Tree of Life Services, Inc., Richmond, Virginia, USA.
Abstract:
There has been a significant evolution of nomenclature with regards to classification of persons with disorders of consciousness (DoC) over the last 100 years. This paper provides a review of the evolution of this terminology with discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of historical and current terms. Recommendations for how this evolution should continue moving forward in the best interest of patients, their families, society, clinical care, and research will also be addressed. The taxonomy we choose, hopefully by international consensus, has multifaceted implications that go well beyond just a debate on nomenclature.
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