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Operant Procedures for Assessing Behavioral Flexibility in Rats08:30

Operant Procedures for Assessing Behavioral Flexibility in Rats

The ability to assess executive functions such as behavioral flexibility in rats is useful for investigating the neurobiology of cognition in both intact animals and disease models. Here we describe automated tasks for assessing strategy shifting and reversal learning, which are particularly sensitive to disruptions in prefrontal cortical networks.
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Combining Behavioral Endocrinology and Experimental Economics: Testosterone and Social Decision Making11:51

Combining Behavioral Endocrinology and Experimental Economics: Testosterone and Social Decision Making

The procedure described in this protocol shows that testosterone administration and folk beliefs about testosterone may be associated with directly opposed social...
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Economic Importance and Growth of Services01:30

Economic Importance and Growth of Services

The service sector is essential to modern economies, playing a significant role in economic development and employment. It dominates many countries' GDP and is a critical driver of innovation and technological advancement. For example, education and professional training services help develop a skilled workforce, supporting other sectors such as manufacturing and technology. Additionally, services like digital marketing and data analytics are crucial to business strategies across...
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Operating and Biocontainment Procedures of a Facility for Laboratory Mice with a Natural Microbiome: Immunophenotyping Procedure05:34

Operating and Biocontainment Procedures of a Facility for Laboratory Mice with a Natural Microbiome: Immunophenotyping Procedure

Here, we describe the structure and operating procedures, including microbial containment measures of a facility for "Wilding mice" using blood sampling for immunophenotyping as an...
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Operating Procedures of the Electrochemotherapy for Treatment of Tumor in Dogs and Cats06:32

Operating Procedures of the Electrochemotherapy for Treatment of Tumor in Dogs and Cats

Electrochemotherapy is the local treatment of solid tumors. The main mechanism is electroporation-mediated permeabilization of the tumor cells' membrane which enables increased internalization of cytostatics like bleomycin and cisplatin. Thus, antitumor effectiveness is potentiated at the site of the application of electric pulses to the tumors.
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A Novel Procedure for Evaluating the Reinforcing Properties of Tastants in Laboratory Rats: Operant Intraoral Self-administration11:16

A Novel Procedure for Evaluating the Reinforcing Properties of Tastants in Laboratory Rats: Operant Intraoral Self-administration

The current study evaluates a novel procedure for assessing the reinforcing effects of palatable solutions in laboratory rats: intraoral self-administration. To this end, operant responding (i.e. lever pressing) for intraoral infusions of sweet solutions at different concentrations was measured on continuous and progressive ratios schedules of...
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