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Attitudes: Explicit and Implicit Attitudes
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Institutional inversion and the connection between collective attitudes and behavior.

Dov Cohen1, Faith Shin1

  • 1Dept. of Psychology, University of Illinois, Champaign, IL 61820, United States.

Current Opinion in Psychology
|September 10, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Cultural institutions can invert attitudes toward behavior. Pro-creditor Protestant institutions paradoxically increase borrowing, challenging traditional views on debt and behavior in different cultures.

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Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Cultural Sociology
  • Economic Sociology

Background:

  • Psychology often assumes attitudes, behavior, and institutions align harmoniously.
  • Institutions can mediate between collective attitudes and behavior.
  • An institution's stated values may conflict with its behavioral outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine how cultural institutions mediate the relationship between attitudes and behavior.
  • To illustrate the paradox-of-debt, where institutions may invert expected attitude-behavior links.
  • To explore how cultural differences in attitudes toward debt shape institutional practices and borrowing behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of cultural attitudes toward debt (Protestant vs. Catholic cultures).
  • Examination of institutional differences favoring creditors in Protestant cultures.
  • Analysis of credit availability and borrowing behavior in relation to cultural and institutional factors.

Main Results:

  • Protestant cultures, less sympathetic to debtors, established more pro-creditor institutions.
  • Increased lending profitability in Protestant cultures led to greater credit availability.
  • Higher credit availability in Protestant cultures resulted in increased borrowing compared to Catholic cultures.

Conclusions:

  • Intermediating institutions can invert the typical attitude-behavior relationship.
  • Institutions may facilitate, rather than inhibit, behaviors traditionally viewed negatively.
  • Cultural institutions play a crucial role in shaping, and sometimes reversing, expected behavioral patterns.