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Granular flow from silos with rotating orifice.

Kiwing To1, Yun Yen1,2, Yi-Kai Mo1

  • 1Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.

Physical Review. E
|September 11, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Rotating silo exits enable sustained granular material flow, even with small openings. Flow rate increases with rotation speed for small exits, transitioning from funnel to mass flow.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Engineering
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Continuous flow of granular materials from silos is crucial for various industries.
  • Flow is typically hindered when the exit diameter is less than five times the grain size.
  • Silo exit rotation is explored as a method to enhance flowability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of bottom rotation on granular material flow rate.
  • To determine the relationship between rotation speed and flow rate for different exit sizes.
  • To analyze the transition from funnel flow to mass flow.

Main Methods:

  • Experiments using monodisperse plastic beads (d=6mm) in a 19 cm cylindrical silo.
  • Varying the circular exit diameter (D) and rotation speed (ω).
  • Measuring flow rate (W) for centered and off-center exits (R).

Main Results:

  • Beverloo's law for flow rate was observed down to D=1.3d.
  • Flow rate (W) increased with rotation speed (ω) in the small exit regime.
  • Off-center exits showed increased flow with the rate of area swept.
  • Non-monotonic dependence of flow rate on rotation speed was observed for large exits.

Conclusions:

  • Bottom rotation effectively sustains granular flow through small silo exits.
  • Rotation induces a transition from funnel flow to mass flow, enhancing material discharge.
  • The findings have implications for silo design and granular material handling.